Which statement best describes nonpharmacologic management of knee osteoarthritis according to the material?

• A. Weight reduction is harmful and should be avoided.
• B. Nonpharmacologic measures are optional.
• C. Exercise is a key first-line nonpharmacologic therapy.
• D. Bed rest is preferred over activity.

Answer: (C)

Regular, structured exercise is central to nonpharmacologic management of knee osteoarthritis because it directly improves pain and function by strengthening the muscles around the knee, especially the quadriceps, which helps stabilize the joint and reduce load on the cartilage. Improved muscle strength also enhances range of motion and reduces stiffness, making daily activities easier. Weight management often accompanies exercise, and the combined effect of losing weight and increasing muscle support further lowers joint stress. Low-impact activities such as walking, cycling, swimming, or aquatic therapy are typically recommended to protect the joint while still promoting conditioning. Most guidelines emphasize starting with exercise as the primary nonpharmacologic approach, rather than suggesting rest or deeming nonpharmacologic measures optional. Rest can lead to worsened stiffness and muscle atrophy, and claiming that nonpharmacologic measures are optional ignores the proven benefits of activity. A practical plan usually includes moderate-intensity aerobic activity most days of the week plus resistance training a couple of times weekly to maintain and build muscle strength.